Hazim
Age: 35
Motor vehicle accident-
CT scan shows bleeding in left side of skull
Physical weakness on right side of body
Traumatic brain injury: Recovery of mental function is uncertain
10 days later, Hazim was responsive
Treatment: 1L Normal Saline & 1L 5% dextrose per day
Decreased with plasma sodium
No more response from Hazim: slack and skin pale
Nasogastric tube
Normal biochemistry profile
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
- Definition of Hyponatraemia -irene
- Causes of hyponatraemia (including SIADH)-akmez
- Pathophysiology of hyponatraemia esp. in brain injured patient-hai sherng, meena ( one concentrate on brain injured patient)
- osmolality & osmolarity: hyper, hypo, different types, pathophysiology, tonicity- li tatt, shuhaiba
- Physiology of sodium and water balance; Fluid balance calculation, what happens in brain injured patients?- tin yee
- Clinical findings when sodium is lowà signs and symptoms- alvin
- Investigation: underlying cause of each hyponatraemia- ching mei
- Management & treatment: include inappropriate fluid management- zhi mei
Complications & prognosis- thomas
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